Operating State of the Compression Spring
The main raw material of the compression spring is spring steel, which is used to control the movement of the parts, ease the impact or vibration, and store them. The external force causes the spring to deform, and when the external force disappears, the spring returns to its original state. Many tools and devices use the properties of springs to reset. So, what are the operating states of the compression spring?
(1) According to the actual working state, it can be divided into static spring and dynamic spring. In use, static springs generally refer to springs with a limited number of vibrations, such as safety valve springs, spring pads, weighing pan springs, fixed load springs, mechanical springs, watch hairsprings, etc. During the use of the moving spring, the number of vibrations reaches more than 1×106 times, such as engine valve springs, automobile suspension springs, shock-proof springs, coupling springs, elevator buffer springs, etc. When selecting materials for static springs, tensile strength and stability are mainly considered, and when selecting dynamic springs, fatigue, relaxation, resonance and other properties are mainly considered.
(2) The spring can be divided into three states: light load, normal load and heavy load according to the load conditions. Light load is a spring that bears static stress, low stress, and small deformation, such as springs for safety devices, springs for vibration absorption, etc. The design life of the product is 103~104 times.
(3) Common load refers to the common spring with a design life of 105~106 times and a vibration frequency of 300 times/min. The lifespan is guaranteed to be 1×106 times, the smaller the load stress, the longer the lifespan within the allowable stress range.
(4) The heavy load of the pressure spring refers to the long-term work and the constant vibration of the spring. Such as valve springs, air hammers, presses, hydraulic control springs, their load is relatively large, often about 10% lower than the allowable stress, and the life span exceeds 1×106 times, generally 107 times. The cross-sectional shape of the spring steel wire is generally round. There are also rectangular, square, oval and other shapes.
(5) Springs suitable for pressure springs in different environments have different special requirements. For example, springs working in corrosive media require good corrosion resistance; precision instruments require long-term stability and high sensitivity for springs; under high temperature environments, springs have sufficient elastic limit and creep resistance.
